南米

人口: 4.4億
名目GDP: $4.6兆
国数: 12

利用できる最新の観測値です。名目GDPは当年価格の米ドル表示。出典確認日：2026年8月24日。

出典：1 2

経済の原動力

ChinaSouth America's largest goods-trade partner

Copper · lithium · oil
Global demand + prices
Budgets · currencies · governments

FieldsSoybeans · beef · grain
MinesCopper · lithium
WellsBrazilian + Venezuelan oil

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権力と制度

1980sthe main wave of transitions to elected civilian rule

Civilian rule

MercosurAtlantic customs union
Andean CommunityWestern interior
Pacific AlliancePacific-facing economies
Political swingsLeft ↔ right

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課題と緊張

≈40%of the continent is covered by the Amazon basin

DeforestationProtection and development collide
DisplacementMillions have left Venezuela
Cocaine routesAndean fields to Atlantic ports
EssequiboVenezuela's claim against Guyana
InequalitySome of the world's widest wealth gaps

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各国の概要

国を開くと、首都、人口、GDP、主な情報をご覧いただけます。

Brazil & the North

The continent's giant and its Caribbean-facing north: half of South America's people and economy, most of the Amazon, the largest proven oil reserves on earth, and its newest petrostate.

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The Andean States

The central Andes — heartland of the former Inca Empire and of today's global copper, lithium, and gas supply, where mineral wealth coexists with chronic political turbulence.

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The Southern Cone

The temperate south — the region's most urbanized and highest-income societies, exporting grain, beef, copper, and hydropower, with Argentina's booms and busts setting the rhythm.

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主要な機関

Mercosur

Customs union founded in 1991 by Argentina, Brazil, Paraguay, and Uruguay, joined as a full member by Bolivia in 2024, with Venezuela suspended since 2016. It sets a common external tariff and negotiates trade agreements as a bloc, though members apply exceptions and enforcement is uneven.

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Andean Community (CAN)

Bolivia, Colombia, Ecuador, and Peru, organized under the 1969 Cartagena Agreement. Maintains a free-trade area among members and lets their citizens travel within the bloc on national ID cards, with agreements easing residence and work across borders.

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Pacific Alliance

Chile, Colombia, and Peru together with Mexico, formed in 2011 as a trade-liberalization pact of Pacific-facing economies. It has eliminated most tariffs among members and links their stock exchanges through the MILA integrated market.

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Amazon Cooperation Treaty Organization (ACTO)

All eight Amazon-basin states — Bolivia, Brazil, Colombia, Ecuador, Guyana, Peru, Suriname, and Venezuela — cooperating under the 1978 Amazon Cooperation Treaty. From a permanent secretariat in Brasília it coordinates policy on conservation, science, and sustainable development of the shared basin.

出典：1